Breach of confidentiality is a tort addressing which area?

• A. Privacy rights
• B. Financial loss
• C. Informed consent
• D. Professional licensure

Answer: (D)

Breach of confidentiality centers on protecting a patient’s privacy and control over personal information. In dentistry and healthcare, information shared in confidence—like medical history, diagnoses, or treatment details—belongs to the patient, and exposing it without proper authorization violates that privacy right. The tort arises from the duty to keep confidences and the harm that comes from unwanted disclosure, not from whether the patient can recover financial damages, whether they consent to a particular procedure, or whether a clinician holds a license.

So, keeping patient information confidential upholds privacy rights; disclosing it without consent undermines those rights and can ground a privacy-related tort. A quick contrast helps: financial loss would involve economic harm; informed consent deals with permission to treat; professional licensure concerns whether a clinician is allowed to practice. The confidentiality breach is about the patient’s right to privacy, not those other domains. For example, sharing a patient’s dental history with someone who has no need to know would be a breach of privacy and a violation of confidentiality.