Civil law governs disputes arising from which areas?

• A. Tort and Contract
• B. Criminal offenses
• C. Administrative regulation
• D. International treaties

Answer: (A)

Civil law governs disputes between private individuals or entities over rights and duties, focusing on remedies such as damages or specific performance rather than punishment. Two foundational areas within civil law are torts and contracts. Torts cover wrongful acts that cause harm or injury to another party, creating civil liability for the wrongdoer. Contracts deal with obligations created by an agreement and what happens when those obligations aren’t fulfilled. In contrast, criminal offenses are violations against the state and are handled under criminal law, administrative regulation concerns rules set by government agencies, and international treaties fall under international law. Therefore, tort and contract are the civil-law domains relevant to disputes described in the question.